Reviewing Chapter 27

Rise of dictators -
Germany — Hitler — Nazism (National Socialist Party)
Italy — Mussolini — Fascism
Russia— Stalin (after Lenin) — Communism
• Can you briefly explain how/why they tame to power?

PRELUDE TO WAR
  I. Japanese expansion (Manchuria, China)
 II. Italian conquests (Ethiopia, Albania—tiny countries)
III. German aggression
        A. Annexation of Austria
        B. Czechoslovakia
                • Munich Pact (Sudetenland given to Hitler by England (Chamberlain) and France
                • Pact violated in six months as German occupied rest of Czechoslovakia
        C. Invasion of Poland Sept 1,1939—start of WWII
Sitzkrieg— six-month “stall”

WAR IS DECLARED
Germany invades Denmark, Norway, (Churchill becomes PM). Belgium, Netherlands, and Luxembourg----then FRANCE
         (Evacuation at Dunkirk (300,000 troops evacuated to Britain by military and civilian craft)
                • all these countries fell in less than ten weeks!!
Attempt to take England (Operation Sea-Lion)
        • Battle of Britain (London Blitz) — the little RAF repels the German Luftwaffe
US — from Isolation/Neutrality to sympathy
Lend-Lease Act (1941)—US could sell, lease, lend, etc. to any country
Growing tensions between US & Japan over Japan’s conquests
Hitler attacks Russia in (June 1941)
Pearl Harbor—December 7, 1941. Declaration of war next day, US is IN TIlE WAR.
MacArthur — gives up Philippines, but vows “I will return’ — he did.
Doolittle Raid — Jacob DeShazer — Mitsuo Fuschida
Italy jails Mussolini in July 1943 when Allies invade (Germans stay and fight)
D-Day (Normandy Invasion) — June 6, 1944. Largest amphibious invasion in history.
Hitler commits suicide (April 30, 1945)
V-E Day May 8, 1945; V-J Day September 2,1945
Holocaust — 6 million Jews (and others) purged in the interest of the Aryan “Master Race”
Nuremberg Trials
Yalta Conference — “Big Three:” Churchill, Roosevelt, & Stalin
        • parceling out of Europe
         • concessions to Stalin
         • Cold War begins
         • divided Germany
        • Berlin airlift
United Nations
        • Security Council        • Secretary-Gcneral        • World Bank